Isoflurophate

Inquiry

Cat Number

API0231513

CAS Number

55-91-4

If you have any other questions, please contact our experts.

Product Detail Description Scientific Support Customer Q&A

CAS Number

55-91-4

EINECS

200-247-6

Storage

Store at 2-8℃

Synonyms

Isofluorphate; Diflupyl; Neoglaucit; Diisopropylfluorophosphate; Isoflurophosphate; Diisopropyl phosphorofluoridate

Molecular Formula

C6H14FO3P

Molecular Weight

184.15

Smiles

CC(C)OP(=O)(OC(C)C)F

Appearance

Clear, colorless or faintly yellow liquid

Boiling Point

62℃

General Description

Isoflurophate, also known as diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), is an irreversible organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor. It is a potent, long-acting parasympathomimetic agent formulated as an ophthalmic ointment. This compound is one of the most stable and potent agents in its class, characterized by its fluorophosphate chemical structure.

Mechanism of Action

It irreversibly phosphorylates the serine hydroxyl group at the active site of acetylcholinesterase, forming a stable covalent bond. This inhibition prevents the hydrolysis of acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses, resulting in sustained accumulation of the neurotransmitter. The effect is prolonged until new enzyme synthesis occurs, typically requiring several weeks for full recovery of cholinesterase activity.

Application

Its primary clinical application is in the topical management of chronic, open-angle glaucoma and accommodative esotropia. By inducing prolonged miosis and increasing aqueous humor outflow facility, it reduces intraocular pressure. Due to its long duration of action and significant systemic toxicity risk, it is reserved for patients who are refractory to other therapies and is rarely used in contemporary practice.

Neuropathological outcomes after status epilepticus induced by the organophosphorus surrogate diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) versus the nerve agent soman were compared in rats. Both agents produced similarly prolonged electrographic seizures. Soman‑exposed rats had less hippocampal neuroinflammation and gliosis than DFP‑exposed animals. However, seizure‑induced weight loss, blood‑brain barrier leakage, and neurodegeneration in seizure‑sensitive limbic regions were comparable between groups. An amalgamated pathology score showed no overall difference. The authors conclude that while some delayed neuropathological consequences differ, the DFP model serves as a suitable surrogate for certain aspects of nerve agent‑induced brain injury, supporting its use in academic labs where highly toxic agents are restricted.

Fig. 1 Experimental paradigm of chemical administration in rat models of DFP and soman-induced SE. (Rojas A, et al., 2021)

References

Rojas A, et al. Comparison of neuropathology in rats following status epilepticus induced by diisopropylfluorophosphate and soman. Neurotoxicology. 2021; 83:14-27.

Does Isoflurophate require extreme protection from moisture during storage?

Yes, it is extremely sensitive to hydrolysis. It must be stored in hermetically sealed, anhydrous containers, preferably with desiccant, to prevent rapid decomposition.

What is the recommended storage temperature for Isoflurophate?

Store at 2-8°C. As an organophosphate, it is thermally labile and degrades rapidly at room temperature, especially in the presence of trace moisture.

Is Isoflurophate stable in glass versus plastic containers?

Glass is preferred, as some plastics may absorb or react with the compound.

How is the purity of Isoflurophate verified given its extreme instability?

Due to its instability, purity testing is performed immediately after manufacturing using rapid GC or HPLC methods, and material is shipped with stability data indicating acceptable storage windows.