Isocarboxazid

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Cat Number

API0232121

CAS Number

59-63-2

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Product Detail Description Customer Q&A

CAS Number

59-63-2

EINECS

200-438-4

Storage

Store at room temperature

Synonyms

Isocarboxazide; Enerzer; Marplan; Isocarbonazid; Isocarbossazide; N'-benzyl-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-3-carbohydrazide

Molecular Formula

C12H13N3O2

Molecular Weight

231.25

Smiles

CC1=CC(=NO1)C(=O)NNCC2=CC=CC=C2

Appearance

White crystalline powder

Melting Point

105-108°C

Boiling Point

394.5±42.0°C at 760 mmHg (Predicted)

Relative Density

1.2 (Predicted)

General Description

Isocarboxazid is a hydrazine derivative and a non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Its structure consists of a benzyl ring linked to a carboxamide group and a hydrazine moiety that forms a covalent bond with the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor of MAO. The drug is a member of the hydrazine class of antidepressants, chemically related to phenelzine but with a distinct side chain that may influence its pharmacokinetics.

Mechanism of Action

Isocarboxazid irreversibly inhibits both MAO-A and MAO-B enzymes in the brain and peripheral tissues, preventing the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and tyramine. The resulting increase in synaptic concentrations of these amines is believed to underlie its antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. Because the inhibition is irreversible, new enzyme synthesis is required for recovery of MAO activity.

Application

Isocarboxazid is indicated for the treatment of major depressive disorder, particularly atypical, nonendogenous, or treatment-resistant depression. It is also used for panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and bulimia nervosa off-label.

Does Isocarboxazid require protection from light and heat during storage?

Yes, it is sensitive to light and heat, which can cause decomposition and discoloration. Store in light-resistant, tightly sealed containers at controlled room temperature (15-25°C).

Is Isocarboxazid stable under high-humidity conditions?

It is slightly hygroscopic but relatively stable. However, avoid prolonged exposure to high humidity (>70% RH) to prevent caking and potential hydrolysis of the hydrazide bond.

What is the stability of Isocarboxazid in tablet formulations with common excipients?

It shows good stability when protected from light and moisture.

How is the impurity benzylhydrazine (a genotoxic degradation product) monitored?

We use a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method to monitor this potential genotoxic impurity, ensuring levels remain below the threshold of toxicological concern.