Sodium Lactate

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Cat Number

CHE72173

CAS Number

72-17-3

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CAS Number

72-17-3

EINECS

200-772-0

Storage

Store at room temperature

Synonyms

Sodium DL-lactate; sodium 2-hydroxypropanoate; Lactic acid sodium salt; Monosodium lactate; Lacolin; Per-glycerin; Lactic acid, monosodium salt

Molecular Formula

C3H5NaO3

Molecular Weight

112.06

Smiles

CC(C(=O)[O-])O.[Na+]

Appearance

Colorless liquid

Melting Point

17°C

Boiling Point

227.6°C at 760 mmHg

Relative Density

1.33

General Description

Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, a three-carbon alpha-hydroxy acid, with the chemical formula C₃H₅NaO₃. It is a clear, colorless liquid or a white crystalline powder, miscible with water. The molecule contains a lactate anion and a sodium cation, providing a source of both sodium and bicarbonate precursors.

Mechanism of Action

Sodium lactate acts as a systemic alkalinizing agent, as the lactate ion is metabolized in the liver and kidneys to bicarbonate. This provides a buffering effect, helping to correct metabolic acidosis. The sodium ion is an essential electrolyte, contributing to fluid balance and osmotic pressure regulation.

Application

Sodium lactate is indicated for the treatment of metabolic acidosis, particularly in patients with renal failure and lactic acidosis. It is also used as an electrolyte replenisher in intravenous fluids and as a component of hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis solutions. The drug is effective in raising the blood pH and improving cardiac function.

In Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, the carbon source sodium lactate negatively regulates biofilm formation via a three‑component system: LrbS (histidine kinase) senses lactate, activates LrbA (transcription factor), which upregulates LrbR (phosphodiesterase). LrbR reduces c‑di‑GMP levels, thereby inhibiting biofilm. This work elucidates a novel signaling pathway linking carbon source to biofilm control, with implications for other bacteria.

Fig. 1 Sodium lactate negatively regulates biofilm formation. (Liu C, et al., 2017)

References

Liu C, et al. Sodium Lactate Negatively Regulates Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 Biofilm Formation via a Three-Component Regulatory System (LrbS-LrbA-LrbR). Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017;83(14):e00712-17.

In colorectal cancer, hypoxia-induced lactate accumulation led to histone lactylation, which promoted RUBCNL/Pacer transcription, facilitating autophagosome maturation via BECN1 interaction. Bevacizumab-resistant patients showed elevated histone lactylation. Inhibition of histone lactylation or autophagy combined with bevacizumab demonstrated remarkable efficacy in patient-derived preclinical models. This study links metabolic reprogramming to epigenetic regulation and provides a new strategy to improve bevacizumab efficacy in CRC.

Fig. 2 Colorectal cancer (CRC) resistance to bevacizumab treatment exhibited increased lactylation levels which was associated with poor survival in CRC patients. (Li W, et al., 2024)

References

Li W, et al. Tumor-derived lactate promotes resistance to bevacizumab treatment by facilitating autophagy enhancer protein RUBCNL expression through histone H3 lysine 18 lactylation (H3K18la) in colorectal cancer. Autophagy. 2024;20(1):114-130.

Does Sodium Lactate require protection from light during storage?

It is relatively stable, but prolonged light exposure may cause slight discoloration. Store in light-resistant containers in a cool, dry place.

What is the recommended storage temperature for Sodium Lactate?

Store at controlled room temperature (15-25°C). Avoid excessive heat above 30°C, which can cause degradation and color changes.

Is Sodium Lactate stable in solution for intravenous and oral use?

Aqueous solutions are stable when properly preserved.

How is the impurity lactic acid (free acid) monitored?

Lactic acid content is quantified using a validated HPLC or titration method, ensuring it remains within pharmacopoeial specifications.