Prochlorperazine Maleate

Inquiry

Cat Number

API0232237

CAS Number

84-02-6

For research use only. We do not supply to patients.

For pharmaceutical-grade products or other inquiries, please contact our experts.

Product Detail Description Scientific Support Customer Q&A

CAS Number

84-02-6

EINECS

201-511-3

Storage

Store at room temperature

Synonyms

Proclorperazine maleate; Prochlorperazinu dimaleat; Prochlorperazine bimaleate; I1T8O1JTL6; Prochlorperazine hydrogen maleate; Prochloroproazine hydrogen maleate

Molecular Formula

C28H32ClN3O8S

Molecular Weight

606.1

Smiles

CN1CCN(CC1)CCCN2C3=C(SC4=CC=CC=C24)C=CC(=C3)Cl.C(=C\\C(=O)O)\\C(=O)O.C(=C\\C(=O)O)\\C(=O)O

Appearance

White or pale yellow crystalline powder

Melting Point

195-203°C (with decomposition)

General Description

Prochlorperazine maleate is a piperazine phenothiazine derivative with a chloro group at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl side chain at the 10-position. The maleate salt provides water solubility. Prochlorperazine is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 606.1 Da (as the maleate). It is a potent dopamine D2 receptor antagonist.

Mechanism of Action

Prochlorperazine acts as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and the gastrointestinal tract, blocking the emetic effects of apomorphine and other dopamine agonists. It also has weak anticholinergic, antihistaminic, and antiadrenergic effects. The drug's antiemetic effect is dose-dependent and is effective against both mild and severe nausea.

Application

Prochlorperazine is indicated for the treatment of severe nausea and vomiting, including chemotherapy-induced, postoperative, and gastroenteritis-related emesis. It is also used for the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, although it is less potent than haloperidol. The drug is effective in reducing psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations and delusions.

This protocol describes a randomized double‑blind trial testing oral prochlorperazine maleate versus placebo for preventing acute mountain sickness (AMS) during rapid ascent to 4,348 m. Given that prochlorperazine is a first‑line migraine treatment and a respiratory stimulant, it may offer advantages over acetazolamide, the current standard with undesirable side effects. Participants will receive three daily doses for 24 hours.

Fig. 1 Ascent profile with labeled drug administration and outcome assessments. (Small E, et al., 2024)

References

Small E, et al. Prochlorperazine maleate versus placebo for the prevention of acute mountain sickness: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2024;25(1):785.

Does Prochlorperazine Maleate require protection from light during long-term storage?

Yes, it is highly photosensitive. Light exposure causes rapid discoloration and degradation of the phenothiazine ring. Store in light-resistant, tightly sealed containers.

What is the recommended storage temperature for Prochlorperazine Maleate?

Store at controlled room temperature (15-25°C). Avoid excessive heat above 30°C, which accelerates oxidative degradation of the maleate salt.

Is Prochlorperazine Maleate stable in solution for parenteral and oral use?

Aqueous solutions require protection from light and antioxidants for stability.

How is the impurity prochlorperazine sulfoxide (an oxidative degradation product) monitored?

This primary degradation product is specifically quantified using a stability-indicating HPLC method, ensuring it remains within USP/EP limits.