Naringin

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Cat Number

API10236472

CAS Number

10236-47-2

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CAS Number

10236-47-2

EINECS

233-566-4

Storage

2-8℃

Synonyms

Naringenin 7-O-neohesperidoside; Naringoside

Molecular Formula

C27H32O14

Molecular Weight

580.53

Smiles

C[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O[C@H]2OC3=CC(=C4C(=O)C[C@H](OC4=C3)C5=CC=C(C=C5)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O)O

Appearance

Off-white crystalline powder

Melting Point

166℃

Boiling Point

559.35℃

Relative Density

1.33

pKa

7.17

General Description

Naringin is a flavanone glycoside that is found in nature. It is one of the major flavonoids and most abundantly present in grapefruit and is a derivative of dihydroflavone. It has a high UV absorption maximum at 282nm due to its chemical structure and also has a wide range of pharmacological activities. It is widely used in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries due to its high antioxidant, lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory actions.

Mechanism of Action

Naringin provides its health benefits due to its free radical scavenging ability as an antioxidant, and has a hypolipidemic effect by reducing lipid levels. It also increases local microcirculation and nutrient supply by reducing the viscosity of the blood and preventing the formation of thrombus. In addition, it is a specific inhibitor of cytochrome P450 and an anti-inflammatory by inhibiting inflammatory processes. It also stimulates bile secretion and has many cellular signaling pathways that lead to its analgesic, sedative and anti-tumor actions.

Application

Naringin is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent and is also used as an ingredient in anti-inflammatory medicines, and used to provide relief from pain. It is also used to provide a sedative and de-swelling action.

Naringin, the water-soluble 7-rhamnoglucoside pro-drug of naringenin found in grapefruit, is converted by gut microflora to the active aglycone, providing sustained plasma levels despite low permeability. It mirrors naringenin’s pharmacology: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and PPAR-activating actions that curb hyperglycaemia, protect liver/kidney/heart, arrest tumour cell cycle, inhibit VEGF-driven angiogenesis and reverse neurodegenerative deficits by restoring dopaminergic and cholinergic markers.
Additional benefits include pulmonary anti-inflammation in COPD/asthma and GI motility enhancement via 5-HT4/ghrelin agonism.

Fig. 1 Mechanism of action of Naringin in the body. (Arafah A.; et al. 2020)

References

Arafah A, et al. Multi-therapeutic potential of naringenin (4′, 5, 7-trihydroxyflavonone): experimental evidence and mechanisms. Plants, 2020, 9(12): 1784.

An injectable thermo-responsive Naringin-bioglass (BG) hydrogel was fabricated by ionic and hydrogen cross-linking of sodium alginate, agarose and BG powder. 10 µM naringin was incorporated to overcome its poor oral bioavailability and to exploit its anti-inflammatory/chondro-protective potential. The porous composite shows rapid gelation at 37℃, 15-fold equilibrium swelling and sustained naringin release for more than 21 days.
The hydrogel is biocompatible, gradually degrades and integrates with host tissue, offering a clinically convenient, single-step therapy that couples localized naringin delivery with BG-mediated anti-inflammatory and pro-chondrogenic signals for effective articular cartilage regeneration.

Fig. 2 Fabrication of the Naringin-BG hydrogel model. (Li X.; et al. 2021)

References

Li X, et al. Thermo-responsive injectable naringin-loaded hydrogel polymerised sodium alginate/bioglass delivery for articular cartilage. Drug Delivery, 2021, 28(1): 1290-1300.

Does Naringin have blood lipid-lowering effects?

Yes, research indicates that Naringin has blood lipid-lowering properties.

Is Naringin used in dietary supplements?

Yes, Naringin is commonly found in dietary supplements for its antioxidant, metabolic, and cardiovascular benefits.

Is Naringin a flavonoid glycoside?

Yes, Naringin is a type of flavonoid glycoside known as a flavanone glycoside.

How should Naringin be stored?

Store in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture.