Ketorolac Tromethamine

Mohammad-Rabei H, et al. investigated whether topical ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% could prevent increases in central macular thickness (CMT) following cataract surgery in diabetic patients without pre-existing macular pathology. The study enrolled 101 patients, who received either ketorolac or a placebo from one day preoperatively through four weeks post-surgery. The authors concluded that this topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) regimen was ineffective in preventing post-phacoemulsification macular thickening in a diabetic population.

Fig. 1 The flowchart of the present study (Mohammad-Rabei H, et al., 2023)

M.A. Fathalla Z, et al. developed and characterized novel in situ gel formulations based on a blend of hydrophilic poloxamers (P407 and P188) for sustained ocular delivery of ketorolac tromethamine (KT). In vitro release and ex vivo permeation studies demonstrated that the in situ gels effectively prolonged and controlled KT release, with only 48% of the drug released over a 12-hour period. This controlled release profile suggests the potential for reduced dosing frequency and improved patient compliance compared to conventional eye drops. Notably, the HET-CAM test demonstrated that the formulation was non-irritant and provided ocular protection against strongly irritant substances, suggesting additional barrier or mitigating properties.

Fig. 2 The thermoresponsive behaviour of poloxamers was employed as a trigger for the formation of in situ gel systems incorporating ketorolac tromethamine (KT). (M A Fathalla Z, et al, 2017)