Isosorbide

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Cat Number

API652675

CAS Number

652-67-5

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CAS Number

652-67-5

EINECS

211-492-3

Storage

Room temperature

Synonyms

Dianhydro-D-glucitol

Molecular Formula

C6H10O4

Molecular Weight

146.14

Smiles

C1[C@H]([C@@H]2[C@H](O1)[C@H](CO2)O)O

Appearance

Off-white to light yellow crystals

Melting Point

60-63℃

Boiling Point

175℃

Relative Density

1.09

Standard

pKa

13.17

General Description

Isosorbide is a bicyclic organic compound derived from acid-catalyzed dehydration of sorbitol. It functions as an osmotic diuretic and is not metabolized in vivo, being excreted unchanged by the kidneys.

Mechanism of Action

Isosorbide increases plasma osmolality, drawing fluid from intracellular and interstitial compartments into the intravascular space, reducing cerebral edema and intraocular pressure while promoting renal free water clearance.

Application

Used in the management of cerebral edema and elevated intraocular pressure. Isosorbide is indicated for acute angle-closure glaucoma, cerebral edema, and as an adjunct in neurosurgical procedures.

Isosorbide mononitrate-loaded liposomes were encapsulated within an injectable composite hydrogel composed of κ-carrageenan, hyaluronic acid, and tannic acid. The fabricated composite hydrogel exhibited exceptional reactive oxygen species scavenging capabilities. Upon injection of the ISMN-LNP-loaded composite hydrogel into the injured hearts of rats, significant improvements in cardiac function were observed. Masson's staining results revealed that the injectable hydrogel system reduced myocardial infarct size and increased left ventricular wall thickness post-myocardial infarction. Immunofluorescence staining indicated upregulated expression of vascular hemophilic factor and α-actinin, suggesting that the injectable hydrogel system promoted vascular proliferation and enhanced cardiac systolic and diastolic function following myocardial infarction.

Fig. 2 Hydrogel-containing isosorbide mononitrate-loaded liposomes for myocardial infarction. (Hua Y.; et al. 2025)

References

Hua Y, et al. κ-Carrageenan and hyaluronic acid composite injectable hydrogel-containing isosorbide mononitrate-loaded liposomes for treatment of myocardial infarction. Biomedical Physics & Engineering Express, 2025, 11(4): 045008.