Glycerin

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Cat Number

CHE56815

CAS Number

56-81-5

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CAS Number

56-81-5

EINECS

200-289-5

Storage

Room temperature (Recommended in a cool and dark place, <15°C).

Synonyms

Glycerol; Glycerine; 1,2,3-trihydroxypropane

Molecular Formula

C3H8O3

Molecular Weight

92.09

Smiles

C(C(CO)O)O

General Description

Glycerin (1,2,3-propanetriol) is a colorless, odorless, viscous liquid with a sweet taste. It is a simple polyol compound. It contains three hydroxyl groups. As a result of this, glycerol is highly hydrophilic, hygroscopic, has a high boiling point and low volatility. It is both metabolically produced in the human body and by various microorganisms (including Escherichia coli and yeast) as well as a nontoxic, biodegradable, environmentally friendly compound.

Application

Glycerol has many uses in biotechnology, pharmaceutical industry and preserving samples. It is commonly used in laboratories for electrophoresis, as it helps increase the density of samples to allow easier and more accurate pipetting into the wells of the gel, as well as acting as a protein stabilizer. Enzymes are stabilized using glycerol for the same reasons. Glycerol is widely used as a cryoprotectant for cell culture and microbiology applications; because glycerol depresses freezing temperature and inhibits damaging ice formation, glycerol allows bacterial cultures to be frozen at -80 °C for long term storage. Outside the laboratory, glycerol is used as an emollient and humectant in soaps and cosmetics and is used in pharmaceutical preparations due to its non-toxicity as a solvent.

Due to loratadine’s (LOR) low aqueous solubility, which requires high-dose formulations for adequate bioavailability, researchers developed novel LOR-glycerin nanoparticles (LOR-GNPs) via precipitation. Characterization showed uniform particles (334±30 nm by DLS) with varied morphologies (SEM) and high entrapment efficiency (98.1±0.3% by titration). Formulated into a hydrogel, the system demonstrated suitable viscosity, spreadability, and homogeneity. Permeation studies confirmed nanoparticle penetration through rat abdominal skin. The LOR-GNP hydrogel significantly improved LOR solubility and bioavailability, presenting a promising delivery strategy.

Fig. 2 Scanning electron microscope images of blank GNPs and LORGNPs. (Abou-Taleb H A, et al. 2017)

References

Abou-Taleb H A, et al. Formulation of novel glycerin nanoparticles for enhancement the solubility of loratadine; application to transdermal hydrogel delivery system. J Nanomed Nanotechnol. 2017, 8(2).