Dimenhydrinate

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Cat Number

API523875

CAS Number

523-87-5

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CAS Number

523-87-5

EINECS

208-350-8

Storage

Room temperature

Synonyms

2-(benzhydryloxy)-n,n-dimethylethylamine 8-chlorotheophyllinate;8-chloro-3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1h-purine-2,6-dione compound with 2-(diphenylmethoxy)-n,n-dimethylethanamine

Molecular Formula

C24H28ClN5O3

Molecular Weight

469.97

Smiles

CN1C2=C(C(=O)N(C1=O)C)NC(=N2)Cl.CN(C)CCOC(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2

Appearance

White to off-white solid

Melting Point

102-107℃

Relative Density

1.26

General Description

Dimenhydrinate is a salt complex of 8-chlorotheophylline and diphenhydramine, combining the antihistamine properties of diphenhydramine with the mild stimulant properties of 8-chlorotheophylline. This combination is used to prevent and treat motion sickness, nausea, and vomiting. The 8-chlorotheophylline component reduces the sedation associated with diphenhydramine alone while contributing to an antiemetic effect through adenosine antagonism in the vestibular system.

Mechanism of Action

Dimenhydrinate exerts its antiemetic and motion sickness effects primarily through H1 antihistamine (diphenhydramine) and anticholinergic (muscarinic antagonist) mechanisms in the vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) in the brainstem, as well as in the vestibular and cholinergic pathways involved in motion sickness. By blocking histamine and acetylcholine signaling in the vestibular-cholinergic axis, it prevents the activation of the vomiting reflex.

Application

Dimenhydrinate is indicated for the prevention and treatment of motion sickness (car, sea, air travel), radiation sickness, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). It is also used for the symptomatic treatment of vertigo associated with Meniere's disease and other vestibular disorders.

Dimenhydrinate is an antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist) and phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in vertigo treatment. In this non-interventional study, a fixed combination of dimenhydrinate with cinnarizine was administered three times daily for 60 days to 120 patients (70 males, 50 females, mean age 64 years) with vertigo of central, peripheral, or mixed origin. Dimenhydrinate blocks H1 receptors in the medial vestibular nucleus and vomiting center, inhibiting vegetative symptom transmission. The combination reduced dizziness (assessed by Dizziness Handicap Inventory) and vertigo-triggering factors (Visual Scale) in over 75% of patients starting at day 15, with further improvement at day 60. Females showed faster symptom reduction compared to males. This gender difference may relate to lower CYP2D6 expression in females, reducing dimenhydrinate metabolism and enhancing efficacy. The combination was well tolerated.

References

Plescia F, et al. Efficacy and pharmacological appropriateness of cinnarizine and dimenhydrinate in the treatment of vertigo and related symptoms. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021, 18(9): 4787.

Dimenhydrinate (DMH) is an antiemetic used for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. To overcome oral administration issues (hepatic metabolism, slow onset), a nanocomposite intranasal in situ gelling system was developed. DMH-loaded penetration enhancer vesicles (PEVs) were prepared using phospholipids, labrasol, transcutol, and PEG 400, achieving 83% entrapment efficiency, 121 nm particle size, and near-neutral charge. PEVs were incorporated into a thermosensitive gel composed of poloxamer 407 (18.7%), poloxamer 188 (11.25%), and hyaluronic acid (1%), forming a nanocomposite that gels at 35.7°C. The nanocomposite enables rapid, direct nose-to-brain delivery with enhanced efficacy.

Fig. 1 Photomicrographs of the anterior cross sections of control rat nasal cavity (a) compared to those administered the in situ gelling formula F27 (b) and the nanocomposite formula V6 (c). (Barakat S S.; et al. 2017)

References

Barakat S S, et al. Intranasally administered in situ gelling nanocomposite system of dimenhydrinate: preparation, characterization and pharmacodynamic applicability in chemotherapy induced emesis model. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1): 9910.

What is the recommended storage condition for Dimenhydrinate?

It should be stored at controlled room temperature in a well-sealed container, protected from moisture and direct light, to maintain its chemical integrity throughout the shelf life.

What documentation is provided with each batch of Dimenhydrinate?

Each batch is accompanied by a Certificate of Analysis (COA) covering identity, potency, and relevant purity tests. Safety Data Sheets (SDS) are available upon request.

Does your company offer custom packaging for Dimenhydrinate?

Yes, custom pack sizes are available. Specific quantity requirements can be discussed directly with our team to align with your production or research scale.

Does Dimenhydrinate have pharmacopoeial monograph compliance?

Material meeting applicable pharmacopoeial specifications or equivalent internal quality standards can be supplied; please contact us with your specific compendial requirements.

Is Dimenhydrinate suitable for use in regulated pharmaceutical processes?

Yes, it is manufactured under quality standards consistent with regulated pharmaceutical applications, including in-process controls and release testing aligned with industry requirements.