Chlorogenic Acid

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Cat Number

API327979

CAS Number

327-97-9

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CAS Number

327-97-9

EINECS

206-325-6

Storage

2-8℃

Synonyms

3-Caffeoylquinic acid; (1R,3R,4S,5R)-3-[(E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]oxy-1,4,5-trihydroxy-cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid

Molecular Formula

C16H18O9

Molecular Weight

354.31

Smiles

C1[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](C[C@@]1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)/C=C/C2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O

Melting Point

210℃

Boiling Point

407.55℃

Relative Density

1.36

pKa

3.91

General Description

Chlorogenic Acid (CGA) is a highly representative water-soluble phenylpropanoid, phenolic substance obtained from the condensation of caffeic acid and quinic acid, naturally rich in green coffee beans, honeysuckle, Eucommia ulmoides, tea, and other natural resources, and an important intermediate product in the biosynthesis of lignin. Chlorogenic Acid is a multi-target bioactive small molecule with various health benefits, and it is a major research and development product for the health food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

Mechanism of Action

The mechanisms of action of Chlorogenic Acid include: 1) Activating the AMPK energy regulator, regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, 2) Activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway to increase the production of endogenous antioxidants, 3) Displaying its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity by disrupting bacterial cell membrane structure and inducing ROS, 4) Inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways to produce anti-inflammatory effects, 5) Inhibiting HIV-1 integrase and blocking the replication of viral DNA to achieve antiviral and antineoplastic effects, and 6) Acting on the tumor microenvironment by adjusting macrophage polarization.

Application

Chlorogenic Acid is widely used as a functional ingredient in various weight management, blood pressure regulation, and blood glucose control dietary supplements. Clinically, it is used as an adjuvant treatment for upper respiratory tract infections, liver protection, cardiovascular protection, and cognitive neuroprotection. It is also a natural antioxidant and high-end preservative in food science and skincare formulations.

Chlorogenic Acid, one of the main polyphenols in plants, has powerful antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, and neuroprotective activities. The effects of Chlorogenic Acid are closely associated with its regulatory effects on the Nrf2/HO-1, NF-κB, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. In addition, Chlorogenic Acid also plays a key role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. It can increase insulin sensitivity and reduce oxidative stress.
In the food industry, Chlorogenic Acid is used as a natural food additive, emulsifier, colorant, and preservative. It can improve the stability of food, inhibit lipid peroxidation and microbial growth, prolong the shelf life of food, and improve the functional properties of proteins and starches. Chlorogenic Acid can also be used in biodegradable packaging materials and functional foods and has prebiotic effects that can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut.

Fig. 1 Mechanism of Chlorogenic Acid in protecting the liver and kidneys. (Wang L.; et al. 2022)

References

Wang L, et al. The biological activity mechanism of chlorogenic acid and its applications in food industry: A review. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2022, 9: 943911.

A self-assembled Chlorogenic Acid hydrogel was formed without the addition of external cross-linkers. Network formation is controlled by π-π stacking and hydrogen bonds, which provide it with injectability, fast self-healing capability and low cost. It was found to be cytocompatible and promote the proliferation and migration of HaCaT keratinocytes and HUVEC tubule formation, indicating angiogenic effects.
The hydrogel was also found to polarise macrophages towards the reparative M2 phenotype in a biological context, resulting in significantly decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory mediators. It was also shown to accelerate wound closure, increase CD31/VEGF-driven neovascularisation, collagen deposition and re-epithelialisation in rat full-thickness wounds compared with control. These properties, with the combination of anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and pro-remodelling actions, are able to synergistically reduce healing time, providing a simple drug-free dressing that can be used for both acute and chronic wounds characterised by persistent inflammation and poor vascularisation.

Fig. 2 Self-assembled Chlorogenic Acid hydrogel accelerates wound healing. (Huang H.; et al. 2023)

References

Huang H, et al. Self-assembly of chlorogenic acid into hydrogel for accelerating wound healing. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 2023, 228: 113440.

What is the main function of Chlorogenic Acid?

Chlorogenic Acid is a powerful natural antioxidant with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects.

How does Chlorogenic Acid exert its antioxidant effects?

Chlorogenic Acid scavenges free radicals directly and upregulates the endogenous Nrf2 antioxidant defense system.

How does Chlorogenic Acid provide hepatoprotection?

Chlorogenic Acid could protect the liver via Nrf2 activation and inflammatory response inhibition, alleviating chemical-induced liver injury and fibrosis.

Can your Chlorogenic Acid be used in dietary supplement formulation?

Absolutely. Our high-purity Chlorogenic Acid is ideal for dietary supplements, including capsules, tablets, and functional food products.