Aluminum Hydroxide

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Cat Number

API21645512

CAS Number

21645-51-2

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Product Detail Description Scientific Support Customer Q&A

CAS Number

21645-51-2

EINECS

244-492-7

Storage

Room temperature

Synonyms

Hydrated alumina

Molecular Formula

AlH3O3

Molecular Weight

78.004

Smiles

[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3]

Appearance

White colloidal suspension

Melting Point

300℃

Boiling Point

2980℃

Relative Density

2.42

Standard

EP/USP

General Description

Aluminum Hydroxide is an inorganic antacid that neutralizes gastric acid through an acid-base reaction. It is distinguished from other antacids by its additional cytoprotective and phosphate-binding properties.

Mechanism of Action

Aluminum Hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid to form aluminum chloride and water, raising gastric pH. It also forms a protective gel layer over the gastric mucosa and adsorbs pepsin, reducing mucosal irritation.

Application

Used in the treatment of acid-related gastrointestinal disorders. Aluminum Hydroxide is indicated for heartburn, acid indigestion, peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux, and hyperphosphatemia in renal failure.

The mechanism of how aluminum hydroxide exerts its beneficial effects is still not fully understood. Current explanations for the mode of action of aluminum hydroxide include the repository effect, pro-phagocytic effect, and activation of the pro-inflammatory NLRP3 pathway. These mechanisms collectively stimulate innate as well as acquired immune responses and activate the complement system.
Factors that influence the responses evoked by aluminum hydroxide include adsorption rate, strength of adsorption, size and uniformity of aluminum hydroxide particles, dosage of adjuvant, and the nature of antigens. Aluminum hydroxide was known to preferentially prime Th2-type immune responses, but more recent studies show that depending on the vaccination route, aluminum hydroxide can enhance both Th1 and Th2 cellular responses.

References

He P, et al. Advances in aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant research and its mechanism. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2015, 11(2): 477-488.

What dual benefit does Aluminum Hydroxide offer in renal patients?

Aluminum Hydroxide serves as both an antacid and a phosphate binder, reducing phosphate absorption in the intestine, making it useful for managing hyperphosphatemia.